Meanwhile, romance between siblings is rife with potential trauma, but first cousins dynamic may be more analogous to childhood friends than siblings. Stat. Professor Alan Bittles of Murdoch University and Edith Cowan University in Australia has Theo The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. There, Justice Stewart had asserted that where a state interest was based on an uncertain policy prediction of harms, it was insufficient to defeat a constitutionally-protected right.142Id. . but even assuming they represent some legitimately valuable state interests, the cousin bans fail when scrutinized for whether they are closely tailored to meet only those purposes.238As is required by the legal standard for examining impairments of the right to marry. Similarly, Zablocki v. Redhail applied critical examination to the challenged law and demanded a legitimate, substantial state purpose be produced to support a law that significantly discouraged marriage, a fortiori one that placed an absolute bar on the right.138Zablocki v. Redhail, 434 U.S. 374, 383, 387 n.12 (1978); id. The full text of this article may be downloaded by clicking on the PDF link. See infra notes 3638. Presumably, at that time, sex between first cousins in Arizona ceases to be statutory incest. Law 2-202 (West 2021) (showing first-cousin marriage remains excluded from the list of prohibited partners). Similarly, the Court of Appeals of Louisiana in Ghassemi v. Ghassemi found the bans pursued no legitimate state concern for the creation of diseased children.207998 So. Consequently, nearly without exception, every incident of reproduction carries a risk that resulting offspring will manifest a genetic disease recessive and latent in the parents. However, a sanction proving the infertility of the people involved is needed to get married. Code Ann. In 2016, it accounted for 4% of all legal unions in Canada. Code Ann. These were some of the laws that different countries have owing to marriages amongst family members. Prohibitions on relations between those in the ascendant and descendant linefor instance, parents and childrenhave remained relatively stable since antiquity,22Ottenheimer, supra note 19, at 6178. Some more states in the United States which permit marriage between first cousins but not between close blood relatives are as follows: There are many more on this list.